Endless satisfaction is found in the experiments of bringing paintings out into the "Z" plane. The next logical step from breaking the rectangle like Stella and Kelly, is to break the "z" plane. These paintings are not flat. Infinite solutions of size and shape exist to create unique viewing experiences that are not one liners. The color, line, shadows, and patterns all combine to show how the surface is not flat. American painter Rupert Garcia has said this about these push and pull canvases, "These are the most important thing to happen to painting since Julian Schnabel put plates on his canvases" with this new format, painting can literally be reborn. These modern style paintings reflect decades of color theory and composition, and art cannon norms.